Tuesday | 19 March 2024 | 8 Ramadhan 1445

Fatwa Answer

Question ID: 1110 Category: Worship
FUNERAL PRAYER

Assalamualaikum mufti sab,

I would like to know, there are how many obligatories in salatu janaza (funeral prayer)

and there is seperate dua for adults and childrens would you please descrube it.

الجواب وباللہ التوفیق

There are two main articles (tenets) of Salat Al-Janaza:                 

  1. Takbeerat
  2. Qiyam

 Obligatories and Conditions (Wajibat aur Shara’et) are the same as with other prayers except for  a few additional

conditions. Entire details are lengthy to explain here but only the most important are stated: 

  1. The deceased must be a Muslim.
  2. Must be pure from “najasat-e-haqiqiyah” (serious types of impurities which are usually visible and are caused by external elements) and “najasat-e-hukmiyah” (impurities which are not visible through Shariah injunctions  e.g. lack of  Wuudu/Gusl.
  3. Dead body must be placed in front of the imam.
  4. Salat Janaza should be prayed in standing position, unless for an excuse by the Imam.
  5. Dead body should be placed on the ground or be very close to the ground.
  6. Private parts of the dead body must be covered.
  7. Imam must be an adult.
  8. The dead body must be in alignment with the imam.
  9. The dead body must be in complete form, or the remains shall include most of the human body, or if only half of the body remains are present, then this half body must include its head.

Below rulings are “Sunnat”

  1. The imam must stand aligned with the chest of the dead body.
  2. Read “Thanaa” after the first takbeer.
  3. Read “Darood Sharif” after the second takbeer.
  4. After the third takbeer, pray for the deceased.

Salat Janaza is the same for an adult or child, but for a child, “Istighfar” is not read because there are no sins on him/her account yet, rather recite the following duaa:

اللهم اجعله لنا فرطا واجعله لنا أجرا وذخرا واجعله لنا شافعا مشفعا”

ہدایہ میں ہے :  ولا يستغفر للصبي ولكن يقول اللهم اجعله لنا فرطا (۱ /۹۰)

وارکانہا التکبیرات والقیام ‘‘ … ( حاشیۃ الطحطاوی علی المراقی : ۱ / ۵۸۰ )

يُشْتَرَطُ لِصِحَّةِ صَلاَةِ الْجِنَازَةِ مَا يُشْتَرَطُ لِبَقِيَّةِ الصَّلَوَاتِ مِنَ الطَّهَارَةِ الْحَقِيقِيَّةِ بَدَنًا وَثَوْبًا وَمَكَانًا، وَالْحُكْمِيَّةُ، وَسَتْرُ الْعَوْرَةِ، وَاسْتِقْبَال الْقِبْلَةِ، وَالنِّيَّةُ، سِوَى الْوَقْتِ.

وَشَرَطَ الْحَنَفِيَّةُ أَيْضًا مَا يَلِي: أَوَّلُهَا: إِسْلاَمُ الْمَيِّتِ لِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: {وَلاَ تُصَل عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ مَاتَ أَبَدًا} .۔۔وَالثَّانِي: طَهَارَتُهُ مِنْ نَجَاسَةٍ حُكْمِيَّةٍ وَحَقِيقِيَّةٍ فِي الْبَدَنِ، فَلاَ تَصِحُّ عَلَى مَنْ لَمْ يُغَسَّل، وَلاَ عَلَى مَنْ عَلَيْهِ نَجَاسَةٌ ۔۔۔ وَالثَّالِثُ: تَقْدِيمُ الْمَيِّتِ أَمَامَ الْقَوْمِ فَلاَ تَصِحُّ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ مَوْضُوعٍ خَلْفَهُمْ. ۔۔وَالرَّابِعُ: حُضُورُهُ أَوْ حُضُورُ أَكْثَرِ بَدَنِهِ أَوْ نِصْفِهِ مَعَ رَأْسِهِ.

وَالْخَامِسُ: وَضْعُهُ عَلَى الأْرْضِ أَوْ عَلَى الأْيْدِي قَرِيبًا مِنْهَا.

وَالسَّادِسُ: سَتْرُ عَوْرَتِهِ - هَذَا هُوَ الْمَذْكُورُ فِي الدُّرِّ الْمُخْتَارِ.

وَالسَّابِعُ: قَال صَاحِبُ الدُّرِّ: بَقِيَ مِنَ الشُّرُوطِ بُلُوغُ الإْمَامِ،۔۔۔ وَالثَّامِنُ: مُحَاذَاةُ الإْمَامِ جُزْءًا مِنْ أَجْزَاءِ الْمَيِّتِ إِذَا كَانَ الْمَيِّتُ وَاحِدًا۔۔۔(الموسوعۃ الفقہیۃ الکویتیۃ : ۱۶/ ۱۸ تا ۲۰)

فقط واللہ اعلم بالصواب

 

Question ID: 1110 Category: Worship